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class="text">convert a hexadecimal number to decimal </td> </tr> <tr><td class="title"><a href="#Function.toHex">:toHex</a></td> <td class="text">convert a decimal number to hexadecimal, i.e. -20 to FFFFFFEC or 26 to 0000001A </td> </tr> <tr><td class="title"><a href="http://www.dostips.com/DtTipsArithmetic.php">DOS - Arithmetic</a></td> <td class="text">How to use SET /A for arithmetic in DOS</td> </tr> <tr><td class="title"><a href="#Arithmetic.FloatingPoint">Floating Point Arithmetic</a></td> <td class="text">Working around the limitations of the command processor.</td> </tr> <tr><td class="title"><a href="#Arithmetic.LargeIntegers">Large Integers</a></td> <td class="text">Working around the limitations of the command processor.</td> </tr> <tr><td class="title"><a href="#Arithmetic.Percent">Percent</a></td> <td class="text">Basic Percent arithmetic.</td> </tr> <tr><td class="title"><a href="#Arithmetic.Integer">SET /A</a></td> <td class="text">Basic Integer Arithmetic.</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <hr> <a name=""></a> <a name="Function.toDec"></a> <div style="float: right;"><font color="darkblue"><a href="#">TOP</a><br><font size="1">2009-12-03</font></font></div> <h2>:toDec - convert a hexadecimal number to decimal </h2> <table class="posts"> <tbody><tr> <td class="title" valign="top">Description:</td> <td class="text" valign="top">call<a href="#toDec">:toDec</a> hex dec </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title" valign="top">Script:</td> <td class="text" valign="top"> <table class="btchscr"><tbody><tr> <td class="numbrs" align="right" nowrap="nowrap"><code><a name="1">1.</a><br><a name="2">2.</a><br><a name="3">3.</a><br><a name="4">4.</a><br><a name="5">5.</a><br><a name="6">6.</a><br><a name="7">7.</a><br><a name="8">8.</a><br><a name="9">9.</a><br><a name="10">10.</a><br><a name="11">11.</a><br></code></td> <td class="code" nowrap="nowrap"><code><span style="color=#000000"><span class="c_labl"><a name="toDec">:toDec</a></span><span class="c_cmmt"> hex dec -- convert a hexadecimal number to decimal</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000"><span class="c_cmmt">:: -- hex [in] - hexadecimal number to convert</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000"><span class="c_cmmt">:: -- dec [out,opt] - variable to store the converted decimal number in</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000">:$created 20091203 :$changed 20091203 :$categories Arithmetic,Encoding</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">:$source http://www.dostips.com</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">SETLOCAL</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">set /a dec=0x<span class="c_pvar">%~1</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000">( ENDLOCAL & <span class="c_cmmt">REM RETURN VALUES</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000"> IF "<span class="c_pvar">%~2</span>" NEQ "" (SET <span class="c_pvar">%~2</span>=%dec%) ELSE ECHO.%dec%</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">)</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">EXIT /b</span><br> </code></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <hr> <a name=""></a> <a name="Function.toHex"></a> <div style="float: right;"><font color="darkblue"><a href="#">TOP</a><br><font size="1">2011-03-30</font></font></div> <h2>:toHex - convert a decimal number to hexadecimal, i.e. -20 to FFFFFFEC or 26 to 0000001A </h2> <table class="posts"> <tbody><tr> <td class="title" valign="top">Description:</td> <td class="text" valign="top">call<a href="#toHex">:toHex</a> dec hex </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title" valign="top">Script:</td> <td class="text" valign="top"> <table class="btchscr"><tbody><tr> <td class="numbrs" align="right" nowrap="nowrap"><code><a name="1">1.</a><br><a name="2">2.</a><br><a name="3">3.</a><br><a name="4">4.</a><br><a name="5">5.</a><br><a name="6">6.</a><br><a name="7">7.</a><br><a name="8">8.</a><br><a name="9">9.</a><br><a name="10">10.</a><br><a name="11">11.</a><br><a name="12">12.</a><br><a name="13">13.</a><br><a name="14">14.</a><br><a name="15">15.</a><br><a name="16">16.</a><br><a name="17">17.</a><br><a name="18">18.</a><br><a name="19">19.</a><br><a name="20">20.</a><br></code></td> <td class="code" nowrap="nowrap"><code><span style="color=#000000"><span class="c_labl"><a name="toHex">:toHex</a></span><span class="c_cmmt"> dec hex -- convert a decimal number to hexadecimal, i.e. -20 to FFFFFFEC or 26 to 0000001A</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000"><span class="c_cmmt">:: -- dec [in] - decimal number to convert</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000"><span class="c_cmmt">:: -- hex [out,opt] - variable to store the converted hexadecimal number in</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000"><span class="c_cmmt">::Thanks to 'dbenham' dostips forum users who inspired to improve this function</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000">:$created 20091203 :$changed 20110330 :$categories Arithmetic,Encoding</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">:$source http://www.dostips.com</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">set /a dec=<span class="c_pvar">%~1</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000">set "hex="</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">set "map=0123456789ABCDEF"</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">for /L <span class="c_pvar">%%N</span> in (1,1,8) do (</span><br> <span style="color=#000000"> set /a "d=dec&15,dec>>=4"</span><br> <span style="color=#000000"> for <span class="c_pvar">%%D</span> in (!d!) do set "hex=!map:~<span class="c_pvar">%%D</span>,1!!hex!"</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">)</span><br> <span style="color=#000000"><span class="c_cmmt">rem !!!! REMOVE LEADING ZEROS by activating the next line, e.g. will return 1A instead of 0000001A</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000"><span class="c_cmmt">rem for /f "tokens=* delims=0" <span class="c_pvar">%%A</span> in ("%hex%") do set "hex=<span class="c_pvar">%%A</span>"&if not defined hex set "hex=0"</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000">( ENDLOCAL & <span class="c_cmmt">REM RETURN VALUES</span></span><br> <span style="color=#000000"> IF "<span class="c_pvar">%~2</span>" NEQ "" (SET <span class="c_pvar">%~2</span>=%hex%) ELSE ECHO.%hex%</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">)</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">EXIT /b</span><br> </code></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <hr> <a name="_Toc128587071"></a> <a name="Arithmetic.FloatingPoint"></a> <div style="float: right;"><font color="darkblue"><a href="#">TOP</a><br><font size="1">2008-04-01</font></font></div> <h2>Floating Point Arithmetic - Working around the limitations of the command processor</h2> <table class="posts"> <tbody><tr> <td class="title" valign="top">Description:</td> <td class="text" valign="top">Floating point arithmetic can be achieved by moving the fractions into the integer. I.e. A floating point equitation using values with 3 digits after the dot can be calculated as follows: <pre>Floating Point: 12.055 + 1.001 = 13.056 Integer: 12055 + 1001 = 13056</pre></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title" valign="top">Script:</td> <td class="text" valign="top"> <table class="btchscr"><tbody><tr> <td class="numbrs" align="right" nowrap="nowrap"><code><a name="1">1.</a><br><a name="2">2.</a><br></code></td> <td class="code" nowrap="nowrap"><code><span style="color=#000000">set /a y=12055 + 1001</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">echo.y = %y%</span><br> </code></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title" valign="top">Script Output:</td> <td class="text" valign="top"><table class="dosw" border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="2"> <tbody><tr><td class="title"> <img src="DOS%20-%20Arithmetic_files/SysIcon.JPG" alt="DOS"> Script Ouput </td></tr> <tr><td class="text"><pre>y = 13056 </pre></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <hr> <a name="_Toc128587073"></a> <a name="Arithmetic.LargeIntegers"></a> <div style="float: right;"><font color="darkblue"><a href="#">TOP</a><br><font size="1">2008-04-01</font></font></div> <h2>Large Integers - Working around the limitations of the command processor</h2> <table class="posts"> </table> <hr> <a name="_Toc128587072"></a> <a name="Arithmetic.Percent"></a> <div style="float: right;"><font color="darkblue"><a href="#">TOP</a><br><font size="1">2008-04-01</font></font></div> <h2>Percent - Basic Percent arithmetic</h2> <table class="posts"> </table> <hr> <a name="_Toc128587070"></a> <a name="Arithmetic.Integer"></a> <div style="float: right;"><font color="darkblue"><a href="#">TOP</a><br><font size="1">2008-04-01</font></font></div> <h2>SET /A - Basic Integer Arithmetic</h2> <table class="posts"> <tbody><tr> <td class="title" valign="top">Description:</td> <td class="text" valign="top">The <b><a href="http://www.dostips.com/DosCommandIndex.htm#SET">SET</a> /A</b> command can be used for basic arithmetic. <br>You can write <b>SET /a y=3*x</b> or <b>SET /a y=3*%x%</b>. Both are correct. The command interpreter is smart enough to recognize variables within a formula.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title" valign="top">Script:</td> <td class="text" valign="top"> <table class="btchscr"><tbody><tr> <td class="numbrs" align="right" nowrap="nowrap"><code><a name="1">1.</a><br><a name="2">2.</a><br><a name="3">3.</a><br><a name="4">4.</a><br><a name="5">5.</a><br></code></td> <td class="code" nowrap="nowrap"><code><span style="color=#000000">set /a x=20</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">set /a y=3*x</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">set /a y+=140</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">set /a y/=2</span><br> <span style="color=#000000">echo.y = %y%</span><br> </code></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="title" valign="top">Script Output:</td> <td class="text" valign="top"><table class="dosw" border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="2"> <tbody><tr><td class="title"> <img src="DOS%20-%20Arithmetic_files/SysIcon.JPG" alt="DOS"> Script Ouput </td></tr> <tr><td class="text"><pre>y = 100 </pre></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <br><br> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0735622620?ie=UTF8&tag=dos01-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=0735622620"><img src="DOS%20-%20Arithmetic_files/51JXrVTAGnL.jpg" border="0"></a><img src="DOS%20-%20Arithmetic_files/ir_002.gif" alt="" style="border: medium none ! important; margin: 0px ! important;" height="1" border="0" width="1"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0735625956/ref=as_li_tf_il?ie=UTF8&tag=dos01-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399353&creativeASIN=0735625956"><img src="DOS%20-%20Arithmetic_files/q.jpg" border="0"></a><img src="DOS%20-%20Arithmetic_files/ir.gif" alt="" style="border: medium none ! important; margin: 0px ! important;" height="1" border="0" width="1"> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-4331089886589220"; /* 468x60, created 12/30/07 */ google_ad_slot = "8403807900"; google_ad_width = 468; google_ad_height = 60; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="DOS%20-%20Arithmetic_files/show_ads.js"> </script><ins style="display:inline-table;border:none;height:60px;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;visibility:visible;width:468px"><ins id="aswift_0_anchor" style="display:block;border:none;height:60px;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;visibility:visible;width:468px"><iframe allowtransparency="true" hspace="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" onload="var i=this.id,s=window.google_iframe_oncopy,H=s&&s.handlers,h=H&&H[i],w=this.contentWindow,d;try{d=w.document}catch(e){}if(h&&d&&(!d.body||!d.body.firstChild)){if(h.call){i+='.call';setTimeout(h,0)}else if(h.match){i+='.nav';w.location.replace(h)}s.log&&s.log.push(i)}" vspace="0" id="aswift_0" name="aswift_0" style="left: 0pt; position: absolute; top: 0pt;" frameborder="0" height="60" scrolling="no" width="468"></iframe></ins></ins> <div class="bot"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*********************************************** * IFrame SSI script II- Copyright Dynamic Drive DHTML code library (http://www.dynamicdrive.com) * Visit DynamicDrive.com for hundreds of original DHTML scripts * This notice must stay intact for legal use ***********************************************/ //Input the IDs of the IFRAMES you wish to dynamically resize to match its content height: //Separate each ID with a comma. 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